"The scheme collapsed on Tuesday, after the European Parliament voted against an emergency withdrawal of some of the carbon permits whose over-supply had swamped the market(1). Why were too many permits issued? Because of the lobbying power of big business. Why did MEPs refuse to withdraw them? Because of the lobbying power of big business."
Sounds like the main problem with the scheme was intervention by lobbying which ruined the effectiveness of the carbon restrictions (because the cap on emissions was too high). But... lobbyists can interfere with regulation, too, so the argument that regulation is better than cap-and-trade is invalid. (Actually, not quite - there is a case to be made that regulation has advantages over cap-and-trade, but using "lobbyists can mess up cap-and-trade" to support that claim is a terrible argument.)
I'm not sure how to reply to redhouse's response, since evaluating it would require empirical study and data we don't have, as opposed to simply considering its logic.
Anyway, the fact remains that cap-and-trade is the most effective (in terms of environmental impact) and efficient (in the economic sense of the word) policy for restricting pollutants, IF and only if it can be properly implemented. Jamiet, you said that the market cannot deal with environmental issues properly (and this is probably true), but in the case you've brought up, the problem isn't something caused by the market. Lobbyists can throw a wrench in your plan just as they can in the scheme economists favor.