"Sharia law does deny women economic, political, social, and legal rights that men have in my opinion because the Qu'ran and Sunnah upon which Sharia are patriarchal in their own right."
This is incorrect. Islam gave women the right to own property, divorce, inherit, required a woman's consent for marriage, etc. All this at a time when women in Christendom enjoyed *none* of these rights - in fact, these are very recent innovations in the west. Yes, there are some patriarchal aspects to Islamic law (particularly in the Hanbali school of law, which predominates in the Arabian Penninsula and is the well from which Salafism sprung). When I was studying the Qu'ran and Sunnah, I got a very 1950s USA "Father Knows Best"-ish vibe from it, and nothing worse than that. A lot of the horrific things associated with Islam (female genital mutilation, burkas, 'honor killings', etc.) are local tribal customs that have absolutely no justification in Sharia.
Additionally, women have often played important roles in politics in the Islamic world, from 'Aisha leading (what would become) the Sunni faction in the first Fitna and commanding the army in the Battle of the Camel to the influence of the harem on Ottoman politics. Women often acted as regents for their sons who inherited kingdoms or empires - something that was unusual (though not unheard of) in the Christian west.
"Is my recollection accurate or are there some women jurist who interpret the Qu'ran and Sunnah? "
The #2 originator of ahadith was 'Aisha, who also did a fair amount of interpreting in her day, making her perspective an important part of Sharia. Ditto, I believe, for Fatima (at least, for Shi'ites). I cannot recall any famous female jurists offhand, but particularly in Sufism, women have played an important role. There are more than a few female Sufi saints (Rabia of Basrah comes to mind).