No, because "Mathematics" is both a singular proper noun for the "field" or "science" of Mathematics (Americans also do this with Physics; but in reality it's no different from saying Chemistry, History, Literature, Mathematics -- all singular propers), as well as a plural noun describing a group of subjects within the field.
So, while History is a field of study, there are many "histories" which people study within that field.
Besides, "mathematic" is in no way a noun of any sort recognized by Oxford or Webster, nor is it, as far as I can tell, a proper adjective (the adjective being "mathematical") -- of course, I see that the OED has an alternate entry for "mathematic", so maybe its a Britishism, but that would be funny since, according to Merriam-Webster, the Middle English word its based on is "mathematicalle".