Obi,
to answer your question about us only thanking God for the good:
My view is that all does come from God, including the allowance of sin (rebellion) and its consequences, but only for a time. Thus various bad things that happen to people are the consequence of human rebellion, which God has allowed to show the result of Satan's viewpoint that God is not fair. Thus with the earth currently under Satan's form of spiritual government and everything is literally headed to hell in a handbasket. While Adam and Eve's choice of rebellion collectively sentenced humanity to hell, God mercifully provided the way out through Jesus, thus showing He is more than fair, he is merciful (He enacted the punishment on His son (fair in that justice was served), so that humanity could be rescued (beyond fair in that He is merciful)). For his followers (and those who have not accepted Him that He is pursuing to save them from rebellion, which is everyone else) He takes a measured approach to allowing bad things to happen, as corrective action for our mistakes, and to get our attention. On the subject of test grades: I got a poor grade in Calc3 because I didn't study that semester and instead played halo... I also got a poor grade in a digital controls course, despite having learned the lesson about studying well, because I needed to learn that people won't always treat me fairly based on the merit of the work I do, and I needed to recognize that whining and complaining about it hurts me more than the person who wronged me. Both of these circumstances I now thank God for, though at the time, I did respond with "Why?", particularly in the second case. On a much more serious note, My mom went through an incredible time of suffering from a pinched nerve in her hip that is not all that uncommon, but is rarely diagnosed properly. She was unable to lay down, sit or even sleep much for the better part of 3 years because of the pain. Ultimately an experimental surgery she had in france corrected most of the problem and she is now 95% pain free, but in the process, she discovered that the suicide rate for people who have this condition is among the highest for any segement of the population, so she has founded a not for profit corporation dedicated to connecting people with the appropriate resources they need to get treatment (since this condition is usually treatable if diagnosed properly) and to train doctors and advance research of treatment options. In addition they have now secured significant funds to begin supporting international (primarily targeting the third world countries, where there is little to no chance that people would even get a diagnosis, let alone treatment). Through her suffering, God allowed her to be able to better the lives of countless others, as opposed to wallowing in self pity. She and I and the many people she has helped can thank God for her suffering because of the good that has come of it. Had she never gotten sick, she would be just an average stay at home mom, whose kids all left for their own lives, worrying about what to do with herself. I can't see the good God brings out of everything, because frankly, I'm not God, but I do believe He is good, and I thank God for correcting me and allowing me to see my self-centeredness and the harm it causes others when he allows something bad to happen because of my actions. On the other hand, I don't believe that bad things only happen because of wrong we do personally (as in the case of my mom), but that we live under a government (satan's rule of the earth) that is bent on destruction of God's creation, including the human race. Thus I seek to find answers from God as to how He wants me to grow and glorify Him in such circumstances (along the lines of Job) and more tangibly, how I can minister to others who are suffering from the same or similar circumstances (which again works against self-centeredness), and seek justice against the evil in the world.
And that brings me to the second point, in answer to your question about taking the Bible as axiomically true. I would fall in this category, as all I have presented thus far is based on my study of the Bible, but let me back you up a step and say that at some point, those of us (or most at least) who take the Bible to be axiomically true, have also at some point not done so. Thus we had to look at claims, examine evidence, talk to people, argue, defend, investigate and ultimately decide what we believed about the documents. We didn't start with that belief. I don't believe you are keeping a truly open mind if you accept input from people who have made a decision that includes life experiences, various elements of faith, and only parts of various religious documents, but reject input from people who have made a decision based on life experiences, various elements of faith, and a single religious document in its entirety.
If hypothetically, you don't care to keep a truly open mind on the subject, then it would be valid to have made a decision that anyone who accepts a single document in its entirety is not worth listening to. Thus you have to make a decision about whether it is valid to consider the possiblity of a single religious document in its entirety as being true.