"Putin: I base that on her (somewhat limited) ability to observe the world how it is and draw conclusions from that. Very few philosophers, in my limited experience, have based their philosophies in how the world is, instead of how they want it to be."
What was real worldy about her philosopher? Her novels were set in a caricaturized version of reality. She doesn't even explain how we got to her "reality" or anything about the setting of her books. Her philosophy as a practical guide for human society is unworkable, not least because as you say, she doesn't care about society. But her utopia can never be achieved, so how is she operating in the world as it is?
If you respect philosophers (or rather, people who wrote about philosophical issues) that operated in how the world is, then you should read Marx, Lenin and probably Mao's On Practice. Marx shared your critique of philosophers, that philosophers operate too much in idealized fantasy land, and that the point of the world is to change it. That's why he dedicated is life to actively promoting his beliefs in a practical way. Ditto Lenin.
"I have better things to do with my time, like learn about how the world (specifically the human body) actually works, so I can go be a doctor and save people's lives. I have no desire to sit in an ivory tower and contribute nothing to the world."
Do you tell your ivory tower residing instructors that they contribute nothing to the world? Evidently instructing you in how to become a doctor is "contributing nothing". Maybe you're right about that. You could have become a doctor by studying in a public library, I suppose.
I do enjoy it when people bait others into engaging in an esoteric logic-chopping fest only to declare that they have "better things to do" at the end of it. You're the one who claimed I didn't know what fascism was. One would think that if you were going to make such a claim that you actually knew what it was or read something about it besides a few Mussolini quotes. I suppose that's too much to ask. Better to make yourself feel superior by touting your resume, I guess.
"but that was not Rand. Rand just didn't give a damn about society."
The two are not mutually exclusive. She didn't give a damn and expressed glee at harming people (for example, the train wreck; the assassination of the regulator; also the part where the cities become dysfunctional because the so-called "talented" are no longer around).
"Rand would be the first to end corporate welfare, whereas Mussolini said "Fascism should be more appropriately called corporatism, because it involves the merging of state and corporate power." (That may not be exact, I don't have time to look it up.)"
What the hell does corporate welfare have to do with "corporatism"? Fascist governments did not have a consistent economic policy (- the Night of the Long Knives is a testament to this; also Spanish economists were openly hostile to corporatism). To say that 'corporatism' is fascism is to say that Sweden and Mexico were/are 'fascist'. It's absurd. Corporatism is the idea that interests conglomerate and negotiate as blocs, and that these blocs cooperate with each other so as to minimize discord. Corporatism has nothing to do with "corporate welfare" per se.
"This definition is circular: you used "morality""
Using 'morality' is not circular. Evil is the rejection/absence of moral values. How is that circular? That's like saying that defining black as the 'absence of color' is circular.
"But I will accept it if you offer an argument as to why compassion and feelings for others are intrinsically good in every situation. I would argue that it is often best to let people suffer."
I'll engage in this exercise if you explain why moral rules must be true in 100% of circumstances. I'm not a Kantian, I'm a utilitarian. What is good is what is good for the greatest number. Not caring about others is almost always bad because it fails to meet this requirement, instead elevating the individual above the many. But yes, there could be times when not helping eventually leads to greater good for the greatest number, although these circumstances are very infrequent if they do occur. And usually we can reconfigure or reform institutions to eliminate the perverse scenario in which letting others suffer leads to better outcomes.
"In general, one should be very, very skeptical of emotions."
I'd argue that one should be skeptical of arguments in favor of detaching oneself from emotion in favor of robotic rationality. Nor is rationality the opposite of emotiveness. In fact, psychological studies have shown that people who are detached from emotional states but nonetheless maintain their reasoning capability are handicapped when it comes to making decisions in which you'd think 'rational' people would perform well.
"In an influential series of studies, patients
with emotional deficits related to damages in the
ventromedial prefrontal cortex area (VMPC)
were found to perform more poorly than normal
and presumably emotionally functional participants
on a task known as the Iowa Gambling
Task (IGT; Bechara, Damasio, Damasio, &
Anderson, 1994; Bechara, Damasio, Tranel, &
Damasio, 1997; Damasio, 1994). The IGT involves
repeated drawings from four decks of
cards. Two decks have higher nominal card
value but lower expected value because of severe
occasional penalties, and two decks have
lower nominal card value but higher expected
value because of lesser penalties. Compared to
normal participants, VMPC patients were found
to draw more from the riskier and less advantageous
decks, resulting in lower monetary performance
(Bechara, Damasio, Damasio, &
Anderson, 1994). Over time, normal participants
also exhibited heightened levels of galvanic
skin response whenever they were about
to choose from the risky decks, and this apparently
even before they could consciously recognize
the structure of the desks"