@Putin:
"The 'party faithful' are typically more left or rightwing than the ordinary person, right? So I don't get what you're saying. They're not representing their party faithful but they're too left and rightwing?”
What I was saying was that, for example, a left-winger will try to represent themselves as being as far to the right as possible while still maintaining their liberal base, even if they never intend to actually do any of the things that they tell the conservatives they’re going to do. Most campaign promises aren’t worth the teleprompters they’re printed on, because candidates want votes from people who wouldn’t support them if the candidate actually just laid out their platform honestly- but you won’t get elected if you do that, because two-party politics is a zero-sum game, and any vote you don’t get will go to your only opponent.
"How do you ensure that likeminded people get elected and are organized enough to pass this agenda? Political parties. It'd be hard to imagine how the House of Representatives would operate without organized political parties.”
It’s hard to imagine how Congress operates WITH political parties, considering the partisan deadlocks that are becoming standard fare. Without this pressing need to toe the party line, representatives would actually have to say, “Gee, in a few years my constituents are going to decide whether to reelect me, based in part on this very bill. Would a majority of them support it?”. And those constituents would then look at their representatives voting record (rather than the letter next to their name), and decide whether he or she has represented their interests well, or whether they should find a new representative. The House is designed to be the forum where the people really get a voice, but that’s impossible if their representatives are motivated by what the party wants and not what the voters want.
One of the main reasons I’m leery of two-party politics is that the parties are very powerful, and that the balance of power can shift treacherously and without warning. It’s possible that, with a long run of strong support for one over the other, we may end up with a one-party system, and that is ruinous for any democracy. We’ve already got a setup where the anointed party candidates are the only ones with a decent chance of winning, the parties themselves have become extremely powerful political organizations in their own right, and the political system is controlled by representatives of one or the other party. Take one down a notch, and we’ve become the Soviet Union- and I doubt even you would argue that uniparty rule was generally beneficial for most Soviets.
“The electoral college ensures that the President has broad-based support across the country. Since the President is the head of state as well as the head of government, such an officer has to represent the broad spectrum of American life.”
The electoral college ensures that, among other things, that the votes of people in Wyoming are worth four times as much as those in California or New York State, that someone could win an election despite earning no votes in 39 states, and that a candidate could potentially earn 270 electoral votes with less than 25% of the popular vote, and assuming a rather rosy 60% turnout, become president while having the support of under 15% of the American people.