@"1) The so-called "travel ban" isn't racist at all. It is a security measure. The areas being targeted are prone to high levels of terrorism. How anyone can construe that as something else is beyond me."
Lets be clear, the actual people affected by the 'travel ban' are immigrants - and the US is a country of immigrants - no-one from the regions covered by the ban has ever committed an act of terrorism in the US.
Regions where muslim extremists have come from and attacked the US were not included in the ban, notable Saudi Arabia - because oil.
The reason people in Saudi Arabia hate the US is closely related to why they hate the House of Saud. Oppression by the state, the US supports the House of Saud by selling them weapons, and protecting them from UN security council sanctions (which would stop them selling oil). Trump is very happy with his deal with the Saudis and continuation of this oil for guns deal.
Iranians are less likely to hate the US because their government tells them to. Any Iranian who decides their government is repressive, and thry should flee to a free country - AND happens to choose the US as their destination - is highly unlikely to commit a crime. Never mind terrorism.
Anyone Iranian who wants to hurt the US can simply join the Iranian army, or an Iranian militia and go out directly to fightin Iraq/Syria.
Why would they become terrorists and try to travel to America when the Americans are sending troops into the middle east? The average Saudi Arabian does not have this option, the only way to hurt the House of Saud is to target their relationship with the US.
I can't generalise to all the other countries in the region, but these are two of the most powerful ones. You should talk to some Syrians, and Iranians, and Saudis, and get a feel for what they think of their government.
As for Puerto Rico, just end the illegal occupation of Hawaii and let the Puerto Ricans have their statehood, if that is what they want... Oppressive taxation without representation is currently how their live, with decisions made by congress where they have no vote. Full statehood makes sense, from a democratic stand-point. Others have discussed the economic already, and i bow their superior knowledge&analysis.
Though i suspect the relative population difference, and the fact that puerto rican's are already US citizens, means absorbing them would have like effect economically.
Independence would be the much larger change to the status quo.