...the exact same tack. I'd also point out SC gains. Particularly in your case, Austria would get... Warsaw, and that's it, whereas with you Austria can stake a claim on Rumania, Bulgaria, even Sevastopol if you don't get there first. And Russia can get to 18 without invading Austria; it *is* a pain in the ass (Russia, Scandinavia, Germany, England, the Low Countries, and a fight over France and Iberia for the win -- build up a northern navy and it's possible), and it does require forming a functioning stalemate line (if not a complete one) from Switzerland to Moscow as you go along, but it is possible. Turkey has to be reaching the likes of the British Isles and Scandinavia to win without attacking Austria, but more importantly, if Austria wants to win without stabbing, it has to beat Turkey to Iberia and Italy. Russia-Austria doesn't have much long-term hope either, but it's at least not as dismal as Turkey.