@"1. clearly hers was a deliberate attempt to get this man to commit suicide, but if the precedent is set for this kind of behavior being illegal, then we're going to have a dilemma when arbitrating what truly is an attempt to push someone to suicide and what is not."
That is why we have judges and juries, and before that police investigators.
They will continue to do their best and make mistakes. This is inevitable.
Not trying to minimize the issue as you are entirely right, but it is already a consideration which we have systems to deal with.
@"2. i'm interested that you dismiss the notion of free will so easily. "
I've done so often on other threads. It is not that i completely dismiss the notion, i believe in a very materialistic world-view, without any mind-body duality. I don't need to say 'there is no such thing as free will' - i can say, "there is 'free will' but it doesn't work the way you* think it works"
As it happens it was watching some videos about this lately, the philosophy of libertarian free will forms a dichotomy with hard determinism. Which i think is deeply flawed (ie both positions are wrong in so far as they contradict each other).
Fundamentally, i think human brains are decision making machines, so of course we think we have 'choices' to make, because we do, we are the decision maker; but that doesn't stop us from being deterministic; you can take any algorithm what-so-ever and use it to make decisions (think of flow charts as algorithms - and then think of the neurons in the brain as a massive flow chart).
It is entirely possible to be fully deterministic AND have 'free' will. Except the 'freeness' of the will is slightly in question. As i believe you readily accept when it comes to children, the mentally ill, and similar. The question isn't 'when does a child become culpable for their actions' it is, 'how culpable is the most capable of adults, and what percentage of that ability does a less able person have?' - if no-one has some perfect ideal of 'freeness' then it is all down to relative ability.
*For certain values of you, taking very specific philosophical positions.
@"3. whenever there is a child, or person with a mental illness, rights become much more of a touchy issue. ownership of weapons and the ability to influence such a mind always are more protected by the government than with a normal healthy mind. whether this young man had a mental illness or not is pivotal to deciding whether or not we need society-wide reform, or simply more protection for the mentally ill."
I think i already touched on this.
A) It is hard to assess the ability or lack thereof in the first place; harder still when they are already dead.
B) We are social creatures, we create systems to influence each other, knowing they will have consequences and curtail our freedom. Be it law enforcement, property rights, religions trying to act as moral police. All of these are social systems created by social creatures.
We know that whatever 'freeness' the individual may have, it can be and should be controlled in some fashion. Because it allows us to build societies, and 'society' has decided it wants to exist and be powerful.
I am not saying this is right or good. Merely that it is.
C) I don't know about your point on society-wide reform. As our ability to influence others and be influenced by others changes (with technology, and other social changes, like the changes in religious involvement, or family involvement, various structural changes...) society always needs to re-assess and reform to some extent. I don't know what that should look like in this case, but i know i'm condemning bullying.
@"4. you are framing the issue of suicide as someone being hurt, which is not up to you to decide. as i already laid out, there are logical coherent reasons to commit suicide. driving someone to a logical coherent reason is not fundamentally illegal. the question society must phase is should we allow for illogical suicide? this boils down heavily to the will one is allowed to exercise over him or herself. if i decide right now with no logical bearing to take a gun and shoot myself-
***thought experiment, not an actual consideration guys ***@DO in background "damn"
-then should the government punish me if i do not successfully kill myself?"
Society does act to further it's own aims/power. Not going to say what it should or shouldn't do, because judging morality is just another mechanism for control invented by people and useful to society; so without saying 'should' - I will still try to answer by saying: I would like to live in a society which/where (IWLTLIASW)... In this case I would like to live in a society which protects people from bullying, which protects the right to die with dignity, and the right to live with dignity.
(In fact i live in a society where pregnant girls (14) can be locked away because they are suicidal - see http://www.irishmirror.ie/news/irish-news/fury-young-irish-woman-sectioned-10610963 - NB 'sectioned' is the British/Irish equivalent of being committed - and i am not happy with this society)
In the case we were discussing, i think, IWLTLIASW: 'telling someone to kill themselves' is a crime. Most of these crimes will not be investigated, but when someone actually dies, those who are found to have been fucking jerks can be punished.
Still, i am against stupid laws which aren't applied most of the time, and which be comes a joke; so i'd prefer to see a better system, which would require immense social reform.
PS: sorry for taking so long to get back to you, i've been away from the laptop where i started writing this.